1．按照清洗精度的要求不同，主要分為一般工業清洗，精密工業清洗和超精密工業清洗三大類。

1. According to the different requirements of cleaning accuracy, it can be divided into three categories: general industrial cleaning, precision industrial cleaning and ultra precision industrial cleaning.

一般工業清洗包括車輛，輪船、飛機表麵的清洗，一般隻能去掉比較粗大的汙垢；

General industrial cleaning includes the cleaning of the surface of vehicles, ships and airplanes, which can only remove relatively coarse dirt;

精密工業清洗包括各種產品加工生產過程中的清洗，各種材料及設備表麵的清洗等，以能夠去除微小的汙垢粒子為特點；

Precision industrial cleaning includes the cleaning of various products in the process of production, the cleaning of various materials and equipment surface, etc., which is characterized by the ability to remove tiny dirt particles;

超精密清洗包括精密工業生產過程中對機械零件、電子元件，光學部件等的超精密清洗，以清除極微小汙垢顆粒為目的。

Ultra precision cleaning includes the ultra precision cleaning of mechanical parts, electronic components, optical components, etc. in the process of precision industrial production, in order to remove very small dirt particles.

2．根據清洗方法的不同，也可以分為物理清洗和化學清洗：利用力學、聲學、光學，電學、熱學的原理，依靠外來能量的作用，如機械摩擦、超聲波、負壓、高壓．)中擊。紫外線、蒸汽等去除物體表麵汙垢的方法叫物理清洗；依靠化學反應的作用，利用化學藥品或其它溶劑清除物體表麵汙垢的方法叫化學清洗．如用各種無機或有機酸去除物體表麵的鏽跡、水垢，用氧化劑去除物體表麵的色斑，用殺菌劑。消毒劑殺滅微生物並去除黴斑等．物理清洗和化學清洗都存在著各自的優缺點，又具有很好的互補性。在實際應用過程中，通常都是把兩者結合起來使用，以獲得更好的清洗效果。

2. According to the different cleaning methods, it can also be divided into physical cleaning and chemical cleaning: using the principles of mechanics, acoustics, optics, electricity and heat, relying on the role of external energy, such as mechanical friction, ultrasonic, negative pressure and high pressure. Ultraviolet, steam and other methods to remove surface dirt are called physical cleaning; Depending on the action of chemical reaction, the method of using chemicals or other solvents to remove the dirt on the surface of objects is called chemical cleaning. For example, various inorganic or organic acids are used to remove the rust and scale on the surface of objects, oxidants are used to remove the color spots on the surface of objects, and bactericides are used. Physical cleaning and chemical cleaning have their own advantages and disadvantages, and they are complementary. In the process of practical application, the two are usually combined to obtain better cleaning effect.

3．根據清洗媒介的不同，又可以分為濕式清洗和幹式清洗：一般將在液體介質中進行的清洗稱為濕式清洗，在氣體介質中進行的清洗稱為幹式清洗．傳統的清洗方式大多為濕式清洗，而人們比較容易理解的幹式清洗也就是吸塵器．但近年來，幹式清洗發展迅速．如激光清 洗．紫外線清洗，等離子清洗、幹冰清洗等，在高。精，尖工業技術領域得到快速發展。

3. According to the different cleaning media, it can be divided into wet cleaning and dry cleaning: generally, the cleaning in liquid medium is called wet cleaning, and the cleaning in gas medium is called dry cleaning. The traditional cleaning method is mostly wet cleaning, and the dry cleaning which is easy to understand is vacuum cleaner, Dry cleaning is developing rapidly, such as laser cleaning, ultraviolet cleaning, plasma cleaning, dry ice cleaning, etc. The field of fine and sharp industrial technology has developed rapidly.

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